All distances depend on the scale of the figures being used (see 1.1)
so if you are using 15mm scale figures the distances will be cm, but
for 25mm they would be inches.

For the numbers under the target type (SHC, MI, etc) that is the
starting factor to which you need to apply other modifiers.

So a bow against HC (heavy cavalry) is a starting factor of 2.

Let us say it is a long range target (-4) and the cavalry have moved
over 10 (-2). So the final factor is -4 (2,-4,-2).

If 10 figures were firing, that would be 10 figures at a factor of -4,
a total of 0.3 (from casualty table 12). On the roll of a D10 if you
roll 1,2 or 3 a whole figure is removed, otherwise the cavalry will be
unharmed.